Following the establishment of the Second Spanish Republic in 1931, his grandfather, King Alonso XIII, was forced into exile to Rome with the Spanish royal family. Juan Carlos, the former King of Spain, was born in exile in Rome, Italy to royal parents Infante Juan and Princess María of Bourbon-Two Sicilies. King Juan Carlos and King Felipe VI in 2014. Here, a guide to the Spanish royal family: Yet, he fell from grace, dramatically, and his son became Spain's king in 2014 upon Juan Carlos's abdication. And he provided a raison d’être for constitutional monarchies, acting as an honest broker between political parties and presiding over an era of stability," Joshua Hammer wrote in Town & Country's September 2022 issue. ![]() He guided Spain into the 21st century, overseeing its joining NATO and the European Economic Community. ![]() He thwarted a cabal of right-wing putschists determined to drag the country back to an era of torture, repression, and isolation. Born in exile during the Spanish Civil War, he oversaw Spain’s transformation from a fascist dictatorship into a democracy. "It is hard to exaggerate the impact Juan Carlos had on Spain-and the world-over two generations. But with King Juan Carlos I's accession to the throne in 1975, the House of Borbón has been restored in Spain, and is the current ruling monarchy. In Spain, the House of Borbón (in English, Borbón is also spelled Bourbon) has been overthrown three times in history-in 1808, 1868, and 1931. The Spanish House of Borbón dates back to 1700, when King Philip V took the throne.
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